Pendraken Miniatures Forum

Wider Wargaming => Genre/Period Discussion => Ancients to Renaissance (3000BC - 1680) => Topic started by: fsn on 12 May 2016, 07:53:24 PM

Title: Celtic Chariots
Post by: fsn on 12 May 2016, 07:53:24 PM
Dear Gentlemen of the Forum, Cadets and Lower Orders who are identified by the avatars being preceded by a cardinal point of the compass.

I have just spent a couple of days  in the fair city of Edinburgh. I happened into the National Museum of Scotland and was delighted by the sheer randomness of the collection and particularly the ethnographic exhibits, and the huge pornographic clock.

The was a special exhibition on under the simple and accurate description of "Celts". Very interesting with a number of loan exhibits including the Battersea Shield, the horny helmet and the Galuberg statue (or that might be a copy ...) and many many intricate bronze and gold goods.

One of the main exhibits is a reconstructed chariot, and this, Gentlemen of the Forum, Cadets and Lower Orders who are identified by the avatars being preceded by a cardinal point of the compass, is where I got a bit confused. The chariot is a lightweight, two-wheeled affair with the chariot floor made of cross laid rubber bands. The sides are very, very low - 18"(ish). My question for the knowledgeable is "how do you not fall out of this chariot?" Do you kneel in it? The sides are too low to hold to steady yourself, and it just seems very impractical. Other reconstructions I've seen have hoops of cane(?) that reach up high enough to be a viable handhold.

(http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/resources/images/4816687/)

Any thoughts?
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: d_Guy on 12 May 2016, 08:39:25 PM
Is this a possible clue?
(https://leadenshipsandtinmen.files.wordpress.com/2016/05/image.png?w=200)
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Fenton on 12 May 2016, 08:46:29 PM
Maybe you kneel in it or at least kneel on one knee
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Luddite on 12 May 2016, 09:09:19 PM
(http://www.worldhistory.biz/uploads/posts/2015-09/285w-36.jpg)

(http://image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00VefEyaTghJqm/Marble-Chariot-Sculpture.jpg)

(https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/77/40/10/77401004eeef0d771b1ed398929a5e3c.jpg)

(https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/c0/51/5d/c0515d9a39723f0ea006bbd6b22fc529.jpg)

Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Ithoriel on 12 May 2016, 10:16:16 PM
This is the one I remember from the National Museum of Antiquities in Edinburgh, back when it shared premises with the National Portrait Gallery.

As you can see, the "hoop" is only knee high.

I imagine today's surfers have much the same skill set right enough.

(http://www.celticcultureblog.tk/warriors-3/images/1003_7_14-ancient-celts-battle.jpg)
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: FierceKitty on 12 May 2016, 11:25:56 PM
Well, Lowlanders are quite short, aren't they? In stature, I mean; not impugning their masculinity....

Btw, was the "horny helmet" near the "pornographic clock"?
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: fsn on 13 May 2016, 07:11:45 AM
I can see how it is possible to stand on the back of the chariot, but surely if you're going a distance then having a handhold would be less tiring than having to brace yourself constantly?

For a period I was un/fortunate enough to work in the Old Kent Road. Travelling on  the Tube was eased by "strap hanging". The body could flop about a bit, being anchored by feel and strap. Without the strap, all the work had to be done with the legs and one felt quite knackered.

I don't believe our (sorry - "your", I can make no claim) Celtic ancestors would tire themselves out needlessly. Perhaps the frames were in place for travel but removed for battle? On this example, that would be quite feasible?

(http://warfarehistorynetwork.com/wp-content/uploads/Celtic-Chariot-2.jpg)
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Duke Speedy of Leighton on 13 May 2016, 07:54:03 AM
If you remember 'Meet The Ancestors' with Julian ???? They reconstructed a chariot and that arch system turned out to be a suspended basket that stayed more or less level whilst the chariot turned sharply.
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Wulf on 13 May 2016, 10:25:55 AM
Yes, I remember that recreation, it turned out to be surprisingly stable. The 'floor' of the chariot was actually only attached by straps & ropes to the arches.
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: DanJ on 13 May 2016, 01:37:49 PM
There is also the issue of speed, how past was it supposed to go, not on a flat playing field but across rough pasture, arable fields etc.

The speed it could travel would effect the speed of the thing.
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Leman on 13 May 2016, 03:55:41 PM
As I understand it a Celtic chariot frequently delivered a warrior, who then did his thing on foot, remounted the chariot and pootled off. I don't think they were expected to charge at 40mph.
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Womble67 on 16 May 2016, 08:31:49 AM
(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ffPyZYrCvYk/VL-Xah7rG3I/AAAAAAAAPqo/OPEE4_GNKdY/s1600/british-chariots-1.jpg)

(https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-BywM2jXi6JM/VL-XbPOhu8I/AAAAAAAAPqk/_Yy9ZQ2He80/s1600/british-chariots-2.jpg)

(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-w8w6j5BbpPw/VMDQ77_o7AI/AAAAAAAAPxw/DfzBbIFtjIk/s1600/british-chariots-3.jpg)

(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-YROwpUbmU-w/VMDQ8JEPlsI/AAAAAAAAPx0/MtqLx361BU8/s1600/british-chariots-4.jpg)

(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-s7Gkfo19A_I/VMDQ8p2qdMI/AAAAAAAAPyE/0UrcvMpOXrY/s1600/british-chariots-5.jpg)

(http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--N8ok8j7NJ0/VMDQ81JaVCI/AAAAAAAAPyA/lSqEGvGUkuA/s1600/british-chariots-6.jpg)

(http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hh1CcQz_C6o/VMDQ9gvVS8I/AAAAAAAAPyM/2H2sMV-_NBc/s1600/british-chariots-7.jpg)

(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4Cf_hxutFAo/VMDQ9yb0jOI/AAAAAAAAPyQ/ozQVjsSHyWU/s1600/british-chariots-8.jpg)

(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-pAAlhKPVUv0/VMDQ_PzZKUI/AAAAAAAAPyg/wxO4WV6TsI8/s1600/british-chariots-9.jpg)

(http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-6OBVwZB3phY/VMDQ8Cc-UGI/AAAAAAAAPyo/occSlNa-vPs/s1600/british-chariots-10.jpg)

I used these pictures for painting guides Gallic/Celtic Artwork (http://www.10mm-wargaming.com/2015/01/gallicceltic-artwork.html) & Painting Gallic & Celtic Warbands (http://www.10mm-wargaming.com/2015/01/painting-gallic-celtic-warbands.html)

hope it helps.

Take care

Andy
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: jchaos79 on 29 May 2016, 07:05:28 AM
The one think I am sure here is that the chariot was used to throw jabalins or projectil. If you try to charge with a thrusting spear and hit the target the charioteer will fall of the chariot.
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: SV52 on 29 May 2016, 09:08:22 AM
As Caesar describes it:

"In chariot fighting the Britons begin by driving all over the field hurling javelins, and generally the terror inspired by the horses and the noise of the wheels are sufficient to throw their opponents' ranks into disorder. Then, after making their way between the squadrons of their own cavalry, they jump down from the chariot and engage on foot. In the meantime their charioteers retire a short distance from the battle and place the chariots in such a position that their masters, if hard pressed by numbers, have an easy means of retreat to their own lines. Thus they combine the mobility of cavalry with the staying power of infantry; and by daily training and practice they attain such proficiency that even on a steep incline they are able to control the horses at full gallop, and to check and turn them in a moment. They can run along the chariot pole, stand on the yoke, and get back into the chariot as quick as lightning" (Gallic War, IV.33).

He knows 'cos he was there  :P  :d
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Leman on 29 May 2016, 09:10:32 AM
Some good contemporary photographic evidence above  :-<
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: fsn on 29 May 2016, 12:03:23 PM
I have read the Divine Julius. I understand Celtic chariots were used as in the Iliad; a missile platform and warrior taxi system.

My question was about the sides. The reproduction in Edinburgh had sides that were too low to hold on to whilst standing. What use they were they? As a brace for the lower leg?

Practically, a hand rail would have been, IMHO, a sensible option for long distances.
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Ithoriel on 29 May 2016, 12:17:18 PM
Quote from: fsn on 29 May 2016, 12:03:23 PM
My question was about the sides. The reproduction in Edinburgh had sides that were too low to hold on to whilst standing. What use they were they? As a brace for the lower leg?

Practically, a hand rail would have been, IMHO, a sensible option for long distances.

I have heard it suggested that the sides were not there to steady the crew, nor to stop incoming weaponry but to stop you from stepping too far sideways (if, say, jolted by particularly rough terrain) to keep ones balance and finding one's feet entangled in a rapidly moving wheel, to the detriment of the combat efficiency of the weapon system :)

Coming from a PhD student studying ancient Celtic warfare rather than an actual ancient Celt it is entirely conjecture but it made more sense to me than the idea that you held onto or hid behind something that barely came up to your knees.
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Duke Speedy of Leighton on 29 May 2016, 12:20:48 PM
FSN, I think you sat down in the back until the last moment?
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: fsn on 29 May 2016, 01:17:04 PM
Thank you, Gentlemen. Makes sense.

Still think a hand rail would have been a good idea!  :)
Title: Re: Celtic Chariots
Post by: Leman on 29 May 2016, 03:55:31 PM
Handrails appear to be a missing essential item in many adventure films, e.g. Star Wars and Star Trek.